Which Of The Following Is Not An Example Of A Consequence Of Home Repair Fraud?

I.Fraud Crime: Costs, Perpetrators, and Victims

Fraud is an insidious law-breaking. Unremarkably divers, fraud is an act in which attempts are made to deceive with promises of goods, services, or fiscal benefits that do not exist, were never intended to be provided, or were misrepresented. And each year, tens of millions of people autumn prey to fraudulent schemes and practices. It is estimated that as little as fifteen percentage of all fraud crimes are reported to law enforcement authorities.

The fiscal cost of fraud crime, to both its victims and the American public, is astronomical. Losses for telemarketing and direct personal marketing fraud schemes alone are estimated to be more than $twoscore billion annually. Check fraud accounts for additional yearly losses of at least $815 million, more than 12 times the $65 one thousand thousand taken in depository financial institution robberies annually--and these correspond only two examples of mutual fraud schemes.

A.Emotional Consequences of Fraud

The emotional ramifications of fraud crime can exist fifty-fifty more costly. Fraud victims often suffer

Self-blame,
Shame,
Guilt,
Societal condemnation and indifference (the attitude that victims of fraud deserve what they go every bit a result of their own greed and stupidity), and
Isolation (when victims suffer their losses in silence rather than risking alienation and blame from family unit members, friends, and colleagues).

B.Who Are the Victims of Fraud?

Non all fraud victims are greedy, take a chance-taking, self-deceptive individuals looking to make a quick dollar. Nor are all fraud victims naive, uneducated, or elderly. Victims of fraud come from a variety of racial, age, gender, religious, socioeconomic, and educational backgrounds. And smart perpetrators prey on those differences. For case fraudulent telemarketers often target the elderly as potential victims, non because they are greedy, but because they are more probable to

Have money, property, savings, and investments;
Be abode to receive phone solicitations; and
Remain on the telephone longer to hear fraudulent sales pitches (due to loneliness).

Younger, educated adults may be targeted because of a

Lack of maturity and experience that would help them recognize fraudulent pitches,
Want to increase their standard of living quickly, and
Lack of information about financial investments or purchases.

Other victims are targeted because of sure personality or character traits that may increment their risk for fraud victimization. These include

Compassion,
Respect for say-so figures, and
Unsuspicious natures.

C.Who Are the Perpetrators of Fraud?

Fraud perpetrators vary as much as the victims they target. Similar their victims, fraud perpetrators come from every educational, geographical, racial, religious, gender, and socioeconomic background.

Contrary to pop belief, most fraud perpetrators are non slinky, shady characters who perpetrate their crimes under the cover of nighttime. Today's fraud perpetrators are often trained professionals who are good at what they do--stealing coin and assets from people. Fraud criminals ofttimes do their homework by

Joining professional organizations,
Participating in community events (to legitimize their schemes and develop trust with potential victims),
Keeping abreast of electric current events (to appear knowledgeable about cutting-edge technologies, legitimate financial investments, and business organization practices), and
Assuming an "affinity" with their victims (emphasizing their common age, culture, education, race, or financial or social status).

Their weapon of choice is not a gun or a knife, merely slick publications, marketing materials, prospectuses, calculator and communications technology, and well-rehearsed sales pitches. Many fraud perpetrators use their customs and professional credibility and respectability to con, swindle, and deceive family members, friends, business colleagues, and other members of the community with whom they have formed a relationship.

D.Types of Fraud

Long struggles to repair damaged credit reports and repay staggering debts can brainstorm with something every bit simple equally a fraudulent call offering pre-canonical credit cards, costless merchandise, vacations, or credit for persons with less-than-perfect credit histories.

Crimes of fraud vary. Near of us are familiar with crimes involving bogus vacation opportunities or wing-past-night dwelling house repair companies. However, these highly publicized fraudulent acts represent only a small fraction of fraudulent practices. The creation of new fraud schemes is limited only past the creativity of perpetrators, and Internet access has exacerbated the proliferation of fraud schemes by expanding the potential fraud audience.

Not all fraud crimes involve the direct selling of goods to customers. The following are some examples of mutual fraudulent practices:

Advance fee schemes
Mail fraud
Computer fraud
Health care
Insurance fraud
Pension and trust fund fraud
Credit card fraud
Check fraud
Charity fraud
Home repair schemes
Identity theft
Land schemes
Embezzlement
Securities and investment fraud (including commodities fraud)
Telemarketing fraud
Contrary mortgage fraud

Eastward.The Hidden Toll of Fraud

The ravages of fraud crimes are conspicuously documented. At all-time, fraud crimes and fraud perpetrators get out people distrustful of legitimate business opportunities and investments. At worst, fraud crimes destroy the financial and emotional lives of victims. But steps can be taken to reduce the chance of fraud victimization and to address the needs of fraud victims:

Consumers can better educate themselves near responsible business practices, increasing their ability to make sound purchasing and investing decisions.
The criminal and civil justice systems tin levy harsh punishments and financial penalties against perpetrators, sending a clear message to other fraud perpetrators that these crimes volition not be tolerated.
Social club can wait more favorably on victims of fraud to reduce the shame and guilt victims often feel. Gild can besides provide responsive and supportive services as victims seek to retain or regain their fiscal stability.

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